Before 2000, older Americans who were at or beyond the Normal Retirement Age were subjected to the Retirement Earnings Test (RET), which reduced Social Security benefits if they worked, essentially penalizing these Americans for working. The RET didn’t make a lot of sense to most people and in 2000 Congress and President Bill Clinton collaborated in getting rid of the RET for older Americans who were at or beyond Normal Retirement Age. Now, if these Americans want to continue to work and collect Social Security retirement benefits they will not be penalized. Below is a description of the legislation passed in 2000.
RET Repeal
On April 7, 2000 “The Senior Citizens’ Freedom to Work Act of 2000” was signed into law, eliminating the Retirement Earnings Test (RET) for those beneficiaries at or above Normal Retirement Age (NRA). (The RET still applies to those beneficiaries below NRA.)
The legislation began its swift march through Congress on March 1, 2000 when the full House of Representatives passed H.R. 5 by a vote of 422 to 0. The Senate, on March 22, 2000 then passed the bill by a vote of 100-0 (with a technical amendment). On March 28, 2000 The House agreed to the Senate amendment by a vote of 419-0 and cleared the measure for transmission to the President.
This was a historic change in the Social Security retirement program. From the beginning of Social Security in 1935, retirement benefits have been conditional on the requirement that the beneficiary be substantially retired. This requirement was carried out by the provisions of the RET. The RET has changed considerably over the years. The requirement was first scaled-back in the 1950 Amendments, which exempted workers age 75 and older from the RET. The exempt age was reduced to 72 in 1954, and to age 70 and older in 1977. With the new legislation, starting at the NRA, Social Security retirement benefits will be paid to beneficiaries who are still working. Effectively, for those who have reached full retirement age, this repeals the requirement that the beneficiary be substantially retired in order to receive full Social Security retirement benefits.
